In our last article, we explored the S4 OOP system in R. Up until this point, we had only discussed functional OOP systems in R. Today, we are going to learn about two encapsulated OOP systems available for R: Reference Classes –  introduced to R in 2010 in version 2.12.0 (source). Sometimes also ...

In the previous article, we learned about the first OOP system in R called S3. In this one, we are going to dive into the S4 OOP system. The S4 system is a more formal OOP system developed by Bell Labs and introduced into the S language in the late 1990...

Imagine you are working on a dashboard, and you want to add this new type of visualization you saw in one of the blogs you follow, or perhaps your users showed you a visualization they liked and asked you to implement something similar. You roll up your sleeves and start ...